Info Anat Tambahan.....

ANATOMY ( 22 MAY 2010)


INTRODUCTION
1) Body cavity
2) Bones
3) Muscles
4) Joints ( synovial)


EMBRYOLOGY
GENERAL EMBRYOLOGY
1) Spermatogenesis
2) Spermiogenesis
3) Menstrual cycle
4) Ovulation
5) Fate & corpus luteum
6) Mature Graffian Follicle
7) Fertilization ( def, process & result )
8) Implantation ( normal & abnormal)
9) Decidua
10) Development of notochord
11) Development of ectoderm
12) Development of endoderm
13) Development of intraembryonic mesoderm
14) Development of paraxial mesoderm
15) Neural crest
16) Amniotic cavity
17) Yolk sac ( anomalies )
18) Midgut ( anomalies of midgut loops + anomalies of yolk sac)
19) Twins
20) Placenta ( placenta barrier, anomalies )
21) Umbilical cord ( anomalies )
22) Chorionic villi ( 1ry/2ry/3ry)


SPECIAL EMBROLOGY
1) Development of pancreas
2) Development of of stomach ( stomach bed/anomalies)
3) Development of duodenum
4) Development of liver
5) Development of midgut loop
6) Hind gut ( cloaca )


UPPER LIMB
1) Spaces : boundaries & contents ( axillary/cubital fossa/anatomical snuff box/retinaculum-extensor& flexor )
2) Arteries : origin & branches ( brachial/radial/ulnar/interosseous )
3) Veins
4) Nerves : origin, branches & effect & lesion ( radial/ulnar/median/interosseous )
e.g :
1) ulnar nerve ( effect & lesion )-mesti include : 1) paralysis 2) loss of sensation 3) deformity
2) radial nerve ( origin & distribution )- distribution di sini bermaksud : mesti nyatakan , nerve tu supply kat tempat mana...( contoh : branches : muscular : triceps/brachialis….cutaneous : posterior cutaneous nerve of arm-to the back of arm down to elbow)
5) Muscles : sample questions : Ms supplied by axillary nerve / ms producing pronation n supination/ digitorum ms ( flexor digitorum superficialis & profundus /extensor digitorum ) / pectoralis ( major & minor )
6) Joints : movement occurring around the joints ( shoulder joint & shoulder girdle ) / articulation () ulnar & radius ( superior/middle/inferior)

Tapi dr ada bg THE MOST IMPORTANT QUESTIONS
1) Cubital fossa
2) Anatomical snuff box
3) Muscles producing : pronation n supination
4) Articulation () radius & ulna
5) Brachial n Axillary artery
6) Flex & extensor retinaculum
7) Nerves ( median/ulnar/axillary/musculocutaneous )
8) Movement around shoulder joints & girdle


THORAX
1) Thoracic wall
2) Intercostal ms/artery/nerves ( origin & termination)
3) Surface anatomy of pleura
4) Mediastinal surface of lung ( lt & rt)
5) Root of lung ( rt)
6) SURFACE ANATOMY OF THE LUNG
7) Surface anatomy of the heart & valve
8) Internal features of rt atrium
9) Coronary art ( rt)
10) Azygos vein
11) Thoracic part of sympathetic chain
12) Phrenic nerve ( Rt)
13) Descending thoracic aorta
14) Thoracic duct
15) Esophagus ( length, origin,termination & constriction)
16) Venous drainage
17) Mediastinum ( superior & posterior )


ABDOMEN & PELVIS
1) Stomach bed
2) Inguinal canal
3) Rectus sheath
4) Spermatid cord
5) Pancreas
6) Duodenum
7) Liver : visceral surface/ surface anatomy
8) Sup.mesenteric artery
9) Portal veins & porto systemic anastomosis
10) Abdominal aorta ( origin & branches )
11) Inferior mesenteric artery
12) Greater & lesser omentum
13) Mesentery of small intestine
14) Lesser sac
15) Spleen : ligaments; surface marking


pelvis
1) Internal iliac artery
2) Ischiorectal fossa
3) Deep n superficial perineal pouch
4) Levator ani
5) Coccygeus
6) Any pelvic organs : rectum/anal canal /urethra/urinary bladder ……….
7) Pelvic mesocolon
8) Broad ligaments
9) uterus